天空中有哪些著名的星团和梅西耶天体?

梅西耶天体是指18世纪法国天文学家查尔斯·梅西耶编制的星云星团表中所列的110天体。梅西耶本人就是一名彗星搜寻者。他编纂这本天体目录,是为了记录天空中那些看起来像彗星而不是彗星的天体,这样他在寻找真正的彗星时就不会被这些天体所迷惑。

1774年出版的第一版《星云星团表》记录了45个天体,编号从M1到M45。1780增加到M70。次年出版的最终版星云星团表* * *收集了103个天体到M103。目前梅西耶天体中有110,M104到M110的天体是后人加上去的,是梅西耶和他的朋友皮埃尔·梅钦发现的,但没有列入星云星团目录。

但后人发现M40是大熊座的一对双星,M73(NGC6994)是宝瓶座的一组小星座,M102据说是向梅在1781“发现”的,他在1783否认了。M40、M73和M102常被称为“失落的梅西耶天体”。

梅西耶天体列表如下

号码?NGC?赤经?赤纬?表观直径?光度?星座注释

m?1?1952?5h?34.5米?+22?01'?36x34英尺?8.4?金牛座?蟹状星云

m?2?7089?21h?33.5米?-?0?49'?13?6.5?水瓶座?球状星团

m?3?5272?13h?42.5米?+28?23'?16?6.4?犬?球状星团

m?4?6121?16h?23.6米?-26?32'?26?5.9?天蝎座?球状星团

m?5?5904?15h?18.6m?+?2?05'?17?5.8?毒蛇?球状星团

m?6?6405?17h?40.1m?-32?13'?15?4.2?天蝎座?开放集群

m?7?6475?17h?53.9m?-34?49'?80?3.3?天蝎座?开放集群

m?8?6523?18h?03.8m?-24?23'?90x40?5.8?射手座?弥漫星云

m?9?6333?17h?19.2m?-18?31'?9?7.9?蛇夫座?球状星团

M10?6254?16h?57.1m?-4?06'?15?6.6?蛇夫座?球状星团

M11?6705?18h?51.1m?-6?16'?14?5.8?盾牌?开放集群

M12?6218?16h?47.2米?-1?57'?15?6.6?蛇夫座?球状星团

M13?6205?16h?41.7m?+36?28'?17?5.9?吴县?球状星团

M14?6402?17h?37.6米?-3?15'?12?7.6?蛇夫座?球状星团

M15?7078?21h?30.0米?+12?10'?12?5.4?帕伽索斯?球状星团

M16?6611?18h?18.8m?-13?47'?35?6.0?毒蛇?弥漫星云

M17?6618?18h?20.8米?-16?11'?46x37?7.0?射手座?弥漫星云

M18?6613?18h?19.9m?-17?08'?9?6.9?射手座?开放集群

M19?6273?17h?02.6m?-26?16'?14?7.2?蛇夫座?球状星团

M20?6514?18h?02.3米?-23?02'?29x27?6.3?射手座?三叶星云

号码?NGC?赤经?赤纬?表观直径?光度?星座注释

M21?6531?18h?04.6m?-22?30'?13?5.9?射手座?开放集群

M22?6656?18h?36.4米?-23?54'?24?5.1?射手座?球状星团

M23?6494?17h?56.8米?-19?01'?27?5.5?射手座?开放集群

M24?6603?18h?18.4m?-18?25'?90?4.5?射手座?开放集群

M25?I4725?18h?31.6m?-19?15'?32?4.6?射手座?开放集群

M26?6694?18h?45.2米?-9?24'?15?8.0?盾牌?开放集群

M27?6853?19h?59.6米?+22?43'?8x4?8.1?福克斯?行星状星云

M28?6626?18h?24.5米?-24?52'?11?6.9?射手座?球状星团

M29?6913?20h?23.9m?+38?32'?7?6.6?天鹅座?开放集群

M30?7099?21h?40.4米?-23?11'?11?7.5?摩羯?球状星团

M31?224?0h?42.7m?+41?16'?178x63 '?3.4?仙女座菌株?仙女座星云

M32?221?0h?42.7m?+40?52'?8x6?8.2?仙女座菌株?星系

M33?598?1h?33.9m?+30?39'?62x39?5.7?三角形?星系

M34?1039?2h?42.0m?+42?47'?35?5.2?珀尔修斯?开放集群

M35?2168?6h?08.9m?+24?20'?28?5.1?双子座?开放集群

M36?1960?5h?36.1m?+34?08`?12?6.0?御夫座?开放集群

M37?2099?5h?52.4米?-32?33'?24?5.6?御夫座?开放集群

M38?1912?5h?28.7m?+35?50'?21?6.4?御夫座?开放集群

M39?7092?21h?32.2米?+48?26'?32?4.6?天鹅座?开放集群

号码?NGC?赤经?赤纬?表观直径?光度?星座注释

M40?Winnecke4?12h?22.4米?+58?05'?-?8.0?大熊星座?双星

M41?2287?6h?47.0m?-20?44'?38?4.5?大犬座?开放集群

M42?1976?5h?35.4米?-5?27`?66X60?4?猎户座?最亮的星云

M43?1982?5h?35.6米?-5?16'?20X15?9?猎户座?弥漫星云

M44?2632?8h?40.1m?+19?59'?95?3.1?癌症?开放集群

M45?Mel22?3h?47.0m?+24?07'?110?1.2?金牛座?普勒阿德斯

M46?2437?7h?41.8m?-14?49'?27?6.1?斯特恩?开放集群

M47?2422?7h?36.6米?-14?30'?30?4.4?斯特恩?开放集群

M48?2548?8h?13.8m?-5?48'?54?5.8?蛇夫座?开放集群

M49?4472?12h?29.8米?+8?00'?9x7?8.4?处女座?星系

M50?2323?7h?03.2m?+8?20'?16?5.9?独角兽?开放集群

M51?5194-5?13h?29.9M?+47?12'?11X8?8.1?犬?星系

M52?7654?23h?24.2米?+61?35`?13?6.9?仙后座?开放集群

M53?5024?13h?12.9m?+18?10'?13?7.7?后座?球状星团

M54?6715?18h?55.1M?-30?29'?9?7.7?射手座?球状星团

M55?6809?19h?40.0米?-30?58'?19?7.0?射手座?球状星团

M56?6779?19h?16.6m?+30?11'?7?8.2?莱拉。球状星团

M57?6720?18h?53.6米?+33?02'?2.5?9.0?莱拉。行星状星云

M58?4579?12h?37.7m?+11?49'?5x4?9.8?处女座?星系

M59?4621?12h?42.0m?+11?39'?5x3?9.8?处女座?星系

M60?4649?12h?43.7m?+11?33'?7x6?8.8?处女座?星系

号码?NGC?赤经?赤纬?表观直径?光度?星座注释

M61?4303?12h?21.9m?+4?28'?6x6?6.6?处女座?星系

M62?6266?17h?01.2m?+30?07'?14?8.8?蛇夫座?球状星团

M63?5055?13h?15.8m?+42?02'?12x8?8.6?犬?星系

M64?4826?12h?56.7m?+21?41'?9x5?8.5?后座?星系

M65?3623?11h?18.9m?+13?05'?10x3?9.3?利奥?星系

M66?3627?11h?20.2米?+12?59'?9x4?9.0?利奥?星系

M67?2682?8h?50.4米?+11?49'?30?6.9?癌症?开放集群

M68?4590?12h?39.5米?+26?45'?12?8.2?蛇夫座?球状星团

M69?6637?18h?31.4m?-32?21'?4?7.7?射手座?球状星团

M70?6681?18h?43.2米?-32?18'?8?8.1?射手座?球状星团

M71?6838?19h?53.9m?+18?47'?7?8.3?射手座?球状星团

M72?6981?20h?53.5米?-12?32'?6?9.4?水瓶座?球状星团

M73?6994?20h?59.0m?-12?38'?3?8.9?水瓶座?开放集群

M74?628?1h?36.7m?+15?47'?10x10?9.2?双鱼座?星系

M75?6864?20h?06.1m?-21?55'?6?8.6?射手座?球状星团

M76?651?1h?42.4米?+51?34'?1?12.2?珀尔修斯?行星状星云

M77?1068?2h?42.7m?-00?01'?7x6?8.8?鲸鱼星座?星系

M78?2068?5h?46.7m?+00?03'?8x6?-?猎户座?分散集群

M79?1904?5h?24.5米?+24?33'?9?8.0?天蝎座?球状星团

M80?6093?16h?17.1m?+22?59'?9?7.2?天蝎座?球状星团

号码?NGC?赤经?赤纬?表观直径?光度?星座注释

M81?3031?9h?55.6米?+69?04'?26x14?6.9?大熊星座?星系

M82?3034?9h?55.8米?+69?41'?11x5?8.4?大熊星座?星系

M83?5236?13h?37.0m?-18?52'?11x10?8.0?蛇夫座?星系

M84?4374?12h?25.1m?+12?53'?5x4?9.3?处女座?星系

M85?4382?12h?25.4米?+18?11'?7x5?9.2?后座?星系

M86?4406?12h?26.2米?+12?57'?7x6?9.2?处女座?星系

M87?4486?12h?30.8米?+12?24'?7x7?8.6?处女座?星系

M88?4501?12h?32.0m?+14?25'?7x4?9.5?后座?星系

M89?4552?12h?35.7m?+12?33'?4x4?9.8?处女座?星系

M90?4569?12h?36.8米?+13?10'?10x5?9.5?处女座?星系

M91?4548?12h?35.4米?+14?30'?5x4?10.2?后座?星系

M92?6341?17h?17.1m?+43?08'?11?6.5?吴县?球状星团

M93?2447?7h?44.6米?+23?52'?22?6.2?斯特恩?开放集群

M94?4736?12h?50.9m?+41?07'?11x9?8.2?犬?星系

M95?3351?10h?44.0m?+11?42'?7x5?9.7?利奥?星系

M96?3368?10h?46.8米?+11?49'?7x5?9.2?利奥?星系

M97?3587?11h?14.8m?+55?01'?3?12.0?大熊星座?行星状星云

M98?4192?12h?13.8m?+14?54'?10x3?10.1?后座?星系

M99?4254?12h?18.8m?+14?25'?5x5?9.8?后座?星系

M100?4321?12h?22.9m?+15?49'?7x6?9.4?后座?星系

号码?NGC?赤经?赤纬?表观直径?光度?星座注释

M101?5457?14h?03.2m?+54?21'?27x26?7.7?大熊星座?星系

M102?5866?15h?06.5m?+55?46'?5x2?10.0?德拉科?星系

M103?581?1h?33.2米?+60?42'?6?7.4?仙后座?开放集群

M104?4594?12h?40.0米?-11?37'?8x4?8.3?处女座?星系

M105?3379?10h?47.8米?+12?35'?5x4?9.3?利奥?星系

M106?4258?12h?19.0m?+47?18'?18x8?8.3?犬?星系

M107?6171?16h?32.5米?-13?03'?10?8.1?蛇夫座?球状星团

M108?3556?11h?11.5m?+55?40'?8x3?10.1?大熊星座?星系

M109?3992?11h?57.6米?+53?23'?8x5?9.8?大熊星座?星系

M110?205?0h?40.4米?+41?41'?17x10?8.0?仙女座菌株?星系